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general description the max9716/max9717 audio power amplifiers are ideal for portable audio devices with internal speakers. a bridge-tied load (btl) architecture minimizes external component count, while providing high-quality audio reproduction. both devices deliver 1.4w continuous power into a 4 ? load with less than 1% total harmonic distortion (thd) while operating from a single +5v sup- ply. with an 8 ? load, both devices deliver 1w continuous power. these devices also deliver 350mw continuous power into an 8 ? load while operating from a single +3.0v supply. the devices are available as adjustable gain amplifiers (max9716/max9717a) or with internally fixed gains of 6db, 9db, and 12db (max9717b/ max9717c/max9717d), reducing component count. a low-power shutdown mode disables the bias generator and amplifiers, reducing quiescent current consumption to less than 10na. these devices feature maxim? industry-leading, comprehensive click-and-pop sup- pression that reduces audible clicks and pops during startup and shutdown. the max9717 features a headphone sense input ( btl /se) that senses when a headphone is connected to the device, disables the btl slave driver, muting the speaker while driving the headphone as a single-ended load. the max9716 is pin compatible with the lm4890 and is available in 9-bump ucsp, 8-pin tdfn (3mm x 3mm), and 8-pin ?ax packages. the max9717 is available in 9-bump ucsp, 8-pin tdfn, and 8-pin ?ax packages. both devices operate over the -40? to +85? extended temperature range. applications features 2.7v to 5.5v single-supply operation 1.4w into 4 ? at 1% thd+n 10na low-power shutdown mode 73db psrr at 1khz no audible clicks or pops at power-up/down internal fixed gain to reduce component count (max9717b/c/d) adjustable gain option (max9716/max9717a) btl /se input senses when headphones are connected (max9717) pin compatible with lm4890 (max9716) pin compatible with tpa711 (max9717a) available in compact, thermally enhanced max and tdfn (3mm x 3mm) packages max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 ordering information v cc btl/se bias in- max9717b/c/d single supply 2.7v to 5.5v bias in- max9716 single supply 2.7v to 5.5v simplified block diagrams 19-3146; rev 3; 3/12 pin configurations and selector guide appear at end of data sheet. evaluation kit available ucsp is a trademark of maxim integrated products, inc. ?ax is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products, inc. * ep = exposed pad. + denotes a lead(pb)-free/rohs-compliant package. g45 indicates protective die coating. /v denotes automotive qualified part. part temp range pin- package gain (db) max9716 eta+t -40? to +85? 8 tdfn-ep* adj. max9716ebl+tg45 -40? to +85? 3 x 3 ucsp adj. max9716eua -40? to +85? 8 ?ax-ep* adj. max9716eua/v+ -40? to +85? 8 ?ax-ep* adj. ordering information continued at end of data sheet. mobile phones pdas portable devices for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratings electrical characteristics5v supply (v cc = 5v, v gnd = 0v, shdn = v cc , t a = +25?. c bias = 1?, r in = r f = 20k ? (max9716/max9717a), in+ = bias (max9716), btl /se = gnd (max9717_), r l = connected between out+ and out-. typical values are at t a = +25?.) (note 2) stresses beyond those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings?may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress rating s only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specificatio ns is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. supply voltage (v cc to gnd) ..................................-0.3v to +6v any other pin to gnd ...............................-0.3v to (v cc + 0.3v) in_, bias, shdn , btl /se continuous current...................20ma out_ short-circuit duration to gnd or v cc (note 1)...continuous continuous power dissipation (t a = +70?) 8-pin tdfn (derate 24.4mw/? above +70?) .........1951mw 8-pin ?ax (derate 10.3mw/? above +70?) ...........825mw 9-bump ucsp (derate 5.2mw/? above 70?) ...........412mw operating temperature range ..........................-40? to +85? maximum junction temperature ....................................+150? storage temperature range .............................-65? to +150? lead temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300? soldering temperature (reflow) lead(pb)-free packages..............................................+260? packages containing lead(pb)....................................+240? parameter symbol conditions min typ max units supply voltage v cc inferred by psrr test 2.7 5.5 v quiescent supply current i cc v in- = v in+ = v bias (note 3), t a = -40? to +85? 4.3 8 ma shutdown supply current i shdn shdn = gnd 0.01 1 a v ih 1.2 shdn threshold v il 0.4 v v ih 0.9 x v cc btl /se threshold v il 0.7 x v cc v common-mode bias voltage v bias (note 4) v cc /2 - 6% v cc /2 v cc /2 + 6% v output offset voltage v os v in- = v out+ , v in+ = v bias (note 5) ? ?5 mv v cc = 2.7v to 5.5v dc, v bias = 1.5v 60 80 f = 217hz 61 power-supply rejection ratio psrr v in+ = v bias , v ripple = 200mv p-p , r l = 8 ? (note 6) f = 1khz 73 db r l = 8 ? , thd+n = 1%, f in = 1khz (note 7) 0.8 1.1 r l = 4 ? , thd+n = 1%, f in = 1khz (note 7) 1.4 output power p out r l = 16 ? , btl /se = v cc (single-ended mode), thd+n = 1%, f in = 1khz 0.155 w total harmonic distortion plus noise thd+n a v = 6db, r l = 8 ? , f in = 1khz, p out = 0.5w (note 8) 0.024 % output noise density e n f in = 10khz 106 nv/ hz signal-to-noise ratio snr thd+n = 1% 105 db
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 electrical characteristics5v supply (continued) (v cc = 5v, v gnd = 0v, shdn = v cc , t a = +25?. c bias = 1?, r in = r f = 20k ? (max9716/max9717a), in+ = bias (max9716), btl /se = gnd (max9717_), r l = connected between out+ and out-. typical values are at t a = +25?.) (note 2) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units output short-circuit current limit i sc (note 9) 1.1 a thermal shutdown threshold +160 ? thermal shutdown hysteresis 15 ? 250 power-up/enable from shutdown time (note 10) t pu c bias = 0.1? 25 ms shutdown time t shdn 5s input resistance r in max9717b/c/d 12 20 28 k ? electrical characteristics3v supply (v cc = 3v, v gnd = 0v, shdn = v cc , t a = +25?. c bias = 1?, r in = r f = 20k ? (max9716/max9717a), in+ = bias (max9716), btl /se = gnd (max9717_), r l = connected between out+ and out-. typical values are at t a = +25?.) (note 2) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units quiescent supply current i cc v in- = v in+ = v bias (note 3), t a = -40? to +85? 4 8.0 ma shutdown supply current i shdn shdn = gnd 0.01 1 a v ih 1.2 shdn threshold v il 0.4 v v ih 0.9 x v cc btl /se threshold v il 0.7 x v cc v common-mode bias voltage v bias (note 4) v cc /2 - 9% v cc /2 v cc /2 + 9% v output offset voltage v os v in- = v out+ , v in+ = v bias (note 5) ? ?5 mv f = 217hz 61 power-supply rejection ratio psrr v in+ = v bias , v ripple = 200mv p-p , r l = 8 ? (note 6) f = 1khz 73 db r l = 8 ? , thd+n = 1%, f in = 1khz (note 7) 350 output power p out r l = 4 ? , thd+n = 1%, f in = 1khz (note 7) 525 mw total harmonic distortion plus noise thd+n a v = 6db, r l = 8 ? , f in = 1khz, p out = 0.5w, v cc = 3v (note 8) 0.024 % output-noise density e n f in = 10khz 106 nv/ hz signal-to-noise ratio snr thd+n = 1% 100 db
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ electrical characteristics3v supply (continued) (v cc = 3v, v gnd = 0v, shdn = v cc , t a = +25?. c bias = 1?, r in = r f = 20k ? (max9716/max9717a), in+ = bias (max9716), btl /se = gnd (max9717_), r l = connected between out+ and out-. typical values are at t a = +25?.) (note 2) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units output short-circuit current limit i sc (note 9) 1.1 a thermal shutdown threshold +160 ? thermal shutdown hysteresis 15 ? 250 power-up/enable from shutdown time (note 10) t pu c bias = 0.1? 25 ms shutdown time t shdn 5s input resistance r in max9717b/c/d 12 20 28 k ? note 1: continuous power dissipation must also be observed. note 2: all specifications are tested at t a = +25?. specifications over temperature (t a = t min to t max ) are not production tested, and guaranteed by design. note 3: quiescent power-supply current is specified and tested with no load. quiescent power-supply current depends on the off- set voltage when a practical load is connected to the amplifier. note 4: common-mode bias voltage is the voltage on bias and is nominally v cc /2. note 5: v os = v out+ - v out-. note 6: the amplifier input in- is ac-coupled to gnd through c in . note 7: output power is specified by a combination of a functional output current test and characterization analysis. note 8: measurement bandwidth for thd+n is 22hz to 22khz. note 9: extended short-circuit conditions result in a pulsed output. note 10: time for v out to rise to 50% of final dc value.
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency max9716 toc01 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 10 100k v cc = 5v r l = 8 ? a v = 6db output power = 800mw output power = 30mw total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency max9716 toc02 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 10 100k v cc = 5v r l = 8 ? a v = 12db output power = 800mw output power = 200mw total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency max9716 toc03 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 10 100k v cc = 3v r l = 8 ? a v = 6db output power = 250mw output power = 30mw total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency max9716 toc04 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 10 100k v cc = 3v r l = 8 ? a v = 12db output power = 200mw output power = 50mw total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency max9716 toc05 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 10 100k v cc = 5v r l = 4 ? a v = 6db output power = 1w output power = 200mw total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency max9716 toc06 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 10 100k v cc = 5v r l = 4 ? a v = 12db output power = 250mw output power = 1w total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency max9716 toc07 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 10 100k v cc = 3v r l = 4 ? a v = 6db output power = 50mw output power = 350mw total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency max9716 toc08 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 10 100k v cc = 3v r l = 4 ? a v = 12db output power = 50mw output power = 350mw total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency (single-ended) max9716 toc09 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.0001 10 100k v cc = 5v r l = 16 ? a v = 12db output power = 125mw output power = 25mw typical operating characteristics (v cc = 5v, thd+n measurement bandwidth = 22hz to 22khz, btl mode, t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.)
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ typical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = 5v, thd+n measurement bandwidth = 22hz to 22khz, btl mode, t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output power max9716 toc10 output power (w) thd+n (%) 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 01.4 v cc = 5v r l = 8 ? a v = 6db f in = 100hz f in = 1khz f in = 10khz total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output power max9716 toc11 output power (w) thd+n (%) 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 0 v cc = 5v r l = 8 ? a v = 12db f in = 1khz f in = 100hz f in = 10khz total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output power max9716 toc12 output power (mw) thd+n (%) 400 300 200 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 0 500 v cc = 3v r l = 8 ? a v = 6db f in = 100hz f in = 1khz f in = 10khz total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output power max9716 toc13 output power (mw) thd+n (%) 400 300 200 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 0 500 v cc = 3v r l = 8 ? a v = 12db f in = 100hz f in = 1khz f in = 10khz total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output power max9716 toc14 output power (w) thd+n (%) 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 02.0 v cc = 5v r l = 4 ? a v = 6db f in = 1khz f in = 100hz f in = 10khz total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output power max9716 toc15 output power (w) thd+n (%) 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 02.0 f in = 100hz f in = 1khz v cc = 5v r l = 4 ? a v = 12db f in = 10khz total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output power max9716 toc16 output power (mw) thd+n (%) 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 0 800 f in = 10khz f in = 100hz f in = 1khz v cc = 3v r l = 4 ? a v = 6db total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output power max9716 toc17 output power (mw) thd+n (%) 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 0 800 v cc = 3v r l = 4 ? a v = 12db f in = 1khz f in = 100hz f in = 10khz total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output power (single-ended) max9716 toc18 output power (mw) thd+n (%) 225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.001 0250 v cc = 5v r l = 16 ? a v = 6db f in = 100hz f in = 10khz f in = 1khz
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 output power vs. supply voltage max9716 toc19 supply voltage (v) output power (w) 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 0 2.5 5.5 r l = 8 ? f = 1khz a v = 6db thd+n = 10% thd+n = 1% 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 output power vs. supply voltage max9716 toc20 supply voltage (v) output power (w) 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 5.5 thd+n = 10% thd+n = 1% r l = 4 ? f = 1khz a v = 6db 1.0 0.5 output power vs. load resistance max9716 toc21 load resistance ( ? ) output power (mw) 10 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 0 1100 thd+n = 1% thd+n = 10% v cc = 5v f = 1khz a v = 6db 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 output power vs. load resistance max9716 toc22 load resistance ( ? ) output power (mw) 10 1 100 v cc = 3v f = 1khz a v = 6db thd+n = 1% thd+n = 10% power dissipation vs. output power max9716 toc23 output power (w) power dissipation (w) 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0 01.5 v cc = 5v r l = 8 ? f = 1khz a v = 6db 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 power dissipation vs. output power max9716 toc24 output power (mw) power dissipation (mw) 400 300 200 100 0 500 v cc = 3v r l = 8 ? f = 1khz a v = 6db power dissipation vs. output power max9716 toc25 output power (w) power dissipation (w) 1.6 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 0 02.0 v cc = 5v r l = 4 ? f = 1khz a v = 6db 600 500 400 300 200 100 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 0 700 power dissipation vs. output power max9716 toc26 output power (mw) power dissipation (mw) v cc = 3v r l = 4 ? f = 1khz a v = 6db output-noise density vs. frequency max9716 toc27 frequency (hz) output-noise density (nv/ hz) 10k 1k 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 100 100k a v = 6db typical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = 5v, thd+n measurement bandwidth = 22hz to 22khz, btl mode, t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.)
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ typical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = 5v, thd+n measurement bandwidth = 22hz to 22khz, btl mode, t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) gain and phase vs. frequency max9716 toc28 frequency (hz) gain and phase ( /db) 1m 100k 100 1k 10k -90 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120 -120 10 10m a v = 60db power-supply rejection ratio vs. frequency max9716 toc29 frequency (hz) psrr (db) 10k 1k 100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 100k supply current vs. v cc max9716 toc30 v cc (v) supply current (ma) 5.1 4.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 2.0 2.7 5.5 supply current vs. temperature max9716 toc31 temperature ( c) supply current (ma) 60 35 10 -15 1 2 3 4 5 6 -40 85 v cc = 3v v cc = 5v coming out of shutdown max9716 toc32 out+ 1v/div out+ - out- 200mv/div out- 1v/div shdn 2v/div 100ms/div r l = 8 ? going into shutdown max9716 toc33 out+ 1v/div out+ - out- 200mv/div out- 1v/div shdn 2v/div 10 s/div r l = 8 ? shutdown current vs. v cc max9716 toc34 v cc (v) shutdown current (na) 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0 2.5 5.5 shutdown current vs. temperature max9716 toc35 temperature ( c) shutdown current (na) 60 35 -15 10 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0 -40 85 v cc = 5v v cc = 3v
detailed description the max9716/max9717 are 1.3w btl speaker ampli- fiers. both devices feature a low-power shutdown mode, and industry-leading click-and-pop suppression. the max9717 features a headphone sense input that disables the slave btl amplifier to drive the headphone as a single-ended load. these devices consist of high output-current audio amps configured as btl ampli- fiers (see functional diagrams ). the closed-loop gain of the input op amp sets the single-ended gain of the device. two external gain resistors set the gain of the max9716 and max9717a (see the gain-setting resistor section). the max9717b/c/d feature internally set gains of 6db, 9db, and 12db, respectively. the output of the first amplifier serves as the input of the second amplifier, which is configured as an inverting unity-gain follower. this results in two outputs, identical in amplitude, but 180 out-of-phase. bias the max9716/max9717 operate from a single 2.7v to 5.5v supply and feature an internally generated, common- mode bias voltage of v cc /2 referenced to ground. bias provides both click-and-pop suppression and sets the dc bias level for the audio outputs. the max9716 can be configured as a single-ended or differential input. for sin- gle-ended input, connect the noninverting input in+ to bias externally. the max9717 bias is internally connect- ed to the amplifier noninverting input in+. the max9717 can only be used with a single-ended input. always bypass bias to ground with a capacitor. choose the value of the bypass capacitor as described in the bias capacitor section. do not connect external loads to bias. any load lowers the bias voltage, affecting the overall performance of the device. btl /se control input the max9717 features a headphone sense input, btl /se, that enables headphone jack sensing to con- trol the power amplifier output configuration. driving btl /se low enables the slave amplifier (out-). driving btl /se high disables the slave amplifier. shutdown mode the max9716/max9717 feature a low-power shutdown mode that reduces quiescent current consumption to 10na. entering shutdown disables the bias circuitry, forces the amplifier outputs to gnd through an internal 20k ? resistor. drive shdn low to enter shutdown mode; drive shdn high for normal operation. click-and-pop suppression the max9716/max9717 feature maxim? industry-leading click-and-pop suppression circuitry. during startup, the amplifier common-mode bias voltage ramps to the dc bias. when entering shutdown, the amplifier outputs are pulled to gnd through an internal 20k ? resistor. this scheme minimizes the energy present in the audio band. max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 pin/bump description pin bump tdfn/max ucsp max9716 max9717 max9716 max9717 name function 1 1 c3 c3 shdn active-low shutdown 2 2 c1 c1 bias dc bias bypass capacitor connection. bypass bias to ground with a 1? capacitor. 3 a3 in+ noninverting input 4 4 a1 a1 in- inverting input 5 5 a2 a2 out+ bridge amplifier positive output 6 6 b3 b3 v cc power supply. bypass v cc with a 1? capacitor to ground. 7 7 b1, b2 b1, b2 gnd ground 8 8 c2 c2 out- bridge amplifier negative output. out- becomes high-impedance when btl /se is driven high. ?a3 btl /se btl /single-ended mode input. logic low sets the device in btl mode. logic high sets the device in single-ended mode. ep exposed pad (tdfn and ?ax only). connect ep to gnd.
max9716/max9717 applications information btl amplifier the max9716/max9717 are designed to drive a load differentially, a configuration referred to as bridge-tied load or btl. the btl configuration (figure 1) offers advantages over the single-ended configuration, where one side of the load is connected to ground. driving the load differentially doubles the output voltage compared to a single-ended amplifier under similar conditions. thus, the differential gain of the device is twice the closed-loop gain of the input amplifier. the effective gain is given by: substituting 2 x v out(p-p) for v out(p-p) into the following equations yields four times the output power due to doubling of the output voltage: there is no net dc voltage across the load because the differential outputs are each biased at midsupply. this eliminates the need for dc-blocking capacitors required for single-ended amplifiers. these capacitors can be large and expensive, consume board space, and degrade low-frequency performance. power dissipation and heat sinking under normal operating conditions, the max9716/ max9717 dissipate a significant amount of power. the maximum power dissipation for each package is given in the absolute maximum ratings section under continuous power dissipation or can be calculated by the following equation: where t j(max) is +150?, t a is the ambient temperature, and ja is the reciprocal of the derating factor in ?/w as specified in the absolute maximum ratings section. for example, ja of the tdfn package is 41?/w. the increase in power delivered by the btl configuration directly results in an increase in internal power dissipation over the single-ended configuration. the maximum power dissipation for a given v cc and load is given by the following equation: if the power dissipation for a given application exceeds the maximum allowed for a given package, reduce power dissipation by increasing the ground plane heat- sinking capability and the size of the traces to the device (see the layout and grounding section). other methods for reducing power dissipation are to reduce v cc , increase load impedance, decrease ambient tempera- ture, reduce gain, or reduce input signal. thermal-overload protection limits total power dissipation in the max9716/max9717. thermal protection circuitry disables the amplifier output stage when the junction temperature exceeds +160?. the amplifiers are enabled once the junction temperature cools by 15?. a pulsing output under continuous thermal-overload condi- tions results as the device heats and cools. fixed gain the max9717b, max9717c, and max9717d feature internally fixed gains of 6db, 9db, and 12db, respec- tively (see the selector guide ). fixed gain simplifies designs, reduces pin count, decreases required foot- print size, and eliminates external gain-setting resistors. resistors r in and r f shown in the max9717b/c/d typical operating circuit are used to achieve each fixed gain. p v r diss max cc l () = 2 2 2 p tt disspkg max j max a ja () () = ? p v r out rms l = 2 v v rms out p p () = ? 22 a r r v f in = 2 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ +1 v out(p-p) 2 x v out(p-p) v out(p-p) -1 figure 1. bridge-tied load configuration
adjustable gain gain-setting resistors external feedback resistors set the gain of the max9716 and max9717a. resistors r f and r in (see figure 2 ) set the gain of the amplifier as follows: where a v is the desired voltage gain. hence, an r in of 20k ? and an r f of 20k ? yields a gain of 2v/v, or 6db. r f can be either fixed or variable, allowing the use of a digitally controlled potentiometer to alter the gain under software control. the gain of the max9717 in a single-ended output configuration is half the gain when configured as btl output. choose r f between 10k ? and 50k ? for the max9716 and max9717a. gains for the max9717b/c/d are set internally. input filter c in and r in form a highpass filter that removes the dc bias from an incoming signal. the ac-coupling capaci- tor allows the amplifier to bias the signal to an optimal dc level. assuming zero-source impedance, the -3db point of the highpass filter is: setting f -3db too high affects the low-frequency response of the amplifier. use capacitors with dielectrics that have low-voltage coefficients, such as tantalum or aluminum electrolytic. capacitors with high- voltage coefficients, such as ceramics, can increase distortion at low frequencies. output-coupling capacitor the max9717 require output-coupling capacitors to operate in single-ended (headphone) mode. the out- put-coupling capacitor blocks the dc component of the amplifier output, preventing dc current from flowing to the load. the output capacitor and the load impedance form a highpass filter with a -3db point determined by: as with the input capacitor, choose c out such that f -3db is well below the lowest frequency of interest. setting f -3db too high affects the amplifier? low-fre- quency response. load impedance is a concern when choosing c out . load impedance can vary, changing the -3db point of the output filter. a lower impedance increases the corner frequency, degrading low-fre- quency response. select c out such that the worst- case load/c out combination yields an adequate response. select capacitors with low esr to minimize resistive losses and optimize power transfer to the load. differential input the max9716 can be configured for a differential input. the advantage of differential inputs is that any com- mon-mode noise is attenuated and not passed through the amplifier. this input improves noise rejection and provides common-mode rejection (figure 3). external components should be closely matched for high cmrr. figure 4 shows the max9716 configured for a differential input. f rc db l out ? = 3 1 2 f rc db in in ? = 3 1 2 a r r v f in = ? ? ? ? ? ? 2 max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 out- out+ max9716 r f in- in+ bias r in c in audio input figure 2. setting the max9716/max9717a gain frequency (hz) cmrr (db) 10k 1k 100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -100 10 100k v ripple = 200mv p-p r l = 8 ? c bias = 1 f common-mode rejection ratio vs. frequency figure 3. cmrr with differential input
max9716/max9717 bias capacitor bias is the output of the internally-generated v cc /2 bias voltage. the bias bypass capacitor, c bias , improves the power-supply rejection ratio by reducing power supply and other noise sources at the common-mode bias node. c bias also generates the clickless/popless startup dc bias waveform for the speaker amplifiers. bypass bias with a 1? capacitor to gnd. larger c bias values improve psrr but slow down t on time. do not connect external loads to bias. supply bypassing proper power-supply bypassing ensures low-noise, low-distortion performance. connect a 1? ceramic capacitor from v cc to gnd. add additional bulk capacitance as required by the application. connect the bypass capacitor as close to the device as possible. layout and grounding proper pc board layout and grounding is essential for optimizing performance. use large traces for the power-supply inputs and amplifier outputs to minimize losses due to parasitic trace resistance. large traces also aid in moving heat away from the package. proper grounding improves audio performance and prevents digital switching noise from coupling into the audio signal. the max9716/max9717 tdfn and ?ax packages feature exposed thermal pads on their undersides. this pad lowers the thermal resistance of the package by providing a direct-heat conduction path from the die to the printed circuit board. connect the exposed pad to the ground plane using multiple vias, if required. low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers 12 ______________________________________________________________________________________ clickless/popless shutdown control bias in+ in- out+ out- shdn gnd max9716 r f 20k ? r f 20k ? v cc r in 20k ? c in 0.33 f audio input r in 20k ? c in 0.33 f audio input c bias 220pf 220pf 20k ? 20k ? v cc values shown for 0db gain. off on figure 4. max9716 differential input
ucsp applications information for the latest application details on ucsp construction, dimensions, tape carrier information, printed circuit board techniques, bump-pad layout, and recommended reflow temperature profile, as well as the latest information on reliability testing results, refer to the application note, ?csp? wafer-level chip-scale package?available on maxim? web site at http://www.maxim-ic.com/ucsp. ucsp marking information pin a1 bump indicator aaa: product id code xxx: lot code max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 selector guide part btl /se input gain (db) max9716 adjustable max9717a adjustable max9717b 6 max9717c 9 max9717d 12 ordering information (continued) part temp range pin- package gain (db) max9717 aebl+tg45 -40? to +85? 3 x 3 ucsp adj. max9717aeta+t -40? to +85? 8 tdfn-ep* adj. max9717aeua -40? to +85? 8 ?ax-ep* adj. max9717bebl+tg45 -40? to +85? 3 x 3 ucsp 6 max9717beta+t -40? to +85? 8 tdfn-ep* 6 max9717beua -40? to +85? 8 ?ax-ep* 6 max9717cebl+tg45 -40? to +85? 3 x 3 ucsp 9 max9717ceta+t -40? to +85? 8 tdfn-ep* 9 max9717ceua -40? to +85? 8 ?ax-ep* 9 max9717debl+tg45 -40? to +85? 3 x 3 ucsp 12 max9717deta+t -40? to +85? 8 tdfn-ep* 12 max9717deua -40? to +85? 8 ?ax-ep* 12 aaa xxx chip information process: bicmos * ep = exposed pad. + denotes a lead(pb)-free/rohs-compliant package. g45 indicates protective die coating.
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers 14 ______________________________________________________________________________________ v cc out+ in- 1 2 8 7 out- gnd bias btl/se shdn max 3 4 6 5 max9717 in- out+ btl/se bias shdn out- gnd v cc gnd ucsp (1.5mm x 1.5mm) max9717 a b c 123 tdfn (3mm x 3mm x 0.8mm) max9716 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 shdn bias in+ in- out- gnd v cc out+ tdfn (3mm x 3mm x 0.8mm) max9717 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 shdn bias btl/se in- out- gnd v cc out+ top view v cc out+ in- 1 2 8 7 out- gnd bias in+ shdn max 3 4 6 5 max9716 top view (bumps on bottom) in- out+ in+ bias shdn out- gnd v cc gnd ucsp (1.5mm x 1.5mm) max9716 a b c 123 pin/bump configurations
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 clickless/popless shutdown control bias in+ in- out+ out- shdn gnd max9716 r f 40k ? v cc r in 20k ? c in 0.33 f audio input c bias 1 f 20k ? 20k ? v cc values shown for 12db gain. 1 f off on functional diagrams/typical operating circuits clickless/popless shutdown control bias in- out+ out- shdn gnd max9717a r f 40k ? v cc r in 20k ? c in 0.33 f audio input c bias 1 f 20k ? 20k ? v cc values shown for btl 12db gain, headphone 6db gain. 1 f btl/se c out 100 f 100k ? v cc 1k ? off on 100k ?
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers 16 ______________________________________________________________________________________ clickless/popless shutdown control bias in- out+ out- shdn gnd max9717b max9717c max9717d r f v cc r in 20k ? c in 0.33 f audio input c bias 1 f 20k ? 20k ? v cc 1 f btl/se c out 100 f 100k ? v cc 1k ? in+ off on 100k ? functional diagrams/typical operating circuits (continued)
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers ______________________________________________________________________________________ 17 package type package code outline no. land pattern no. 8 ?ax u8e+2 21-0107 90-0145 8 tdfn-ep t833+1 21-0137 90-0059 9 ucsp b9+1 21-0093 package information for the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages . note that a ?? ?? or ??in the package code indicates rohs status only. package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing per - tains to the package regardless of rohs status.
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers 18 ______________________________________________________________________________________ package information (continued) for the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages . note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates rohs status only. package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing per - tains to the package regardless of rohs status.
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers ______________________________________________________________________________________ 19 com m on di mensi ons sym bo l mi n. m ax. a0. 70 0. 80 d2. 90 3. 10 e2. 90 3. 10 a1 0. 00 0. 05 l0. 20 0. 40 pkg . code n d2 e2 e jedec spec b [ ( n/ 2) - 1] x e packag e vari ati ons 0. 25 mi n. k a2 0. 20 ref. 2. 00 ref 0. 250. 05 0. 50 bsc 2. 300. 10 10 t1033- 1 2. 40 ref 0. 200. 05 - - - - 0. 40 bsc 1. 700. 10 2. 300. 10 14 t1433- 1 1. 500. 10 m o 229 / w eed- 3 0. 40 bsc - - - - 0. 200. 05 2. 40 ref t1433- 214 2. 300. 10 1. 700. 10 t633- 2 61. 500. 10 2. 300. 10 0. 95 b s c m o 229 / w eea 0. 400. 05 1. 90 ref t833- 2 81. 500. 10 2. 300. 10 0. 65 b s c m o 229 / w eec 0. 300. 05 1. 95 ref t833- 3 81. 500. 10 2. 300. 10 0. 65 b s c m o 229 / w eec 0. 300. 05 1. 95 ref 2. 300. 10 m o 229 / w eed- 32. 00 ref 0. 250. 05 0. 50 bsc 1. 500. 10 10 t1033- 2 0. 250. 05 2. 00 ref 10 0. 50 b s c m o 229 / w eed- 3 2. 300. 10 1. 500. 10 t1033m k - 1 0. 40 bsc - - - - 0. 200. 05 2. 40 ref t1433- 3f 14 2. 300. 10 1. 700. 10 package information (continued) for the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages . note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates rohs status only. package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing per - tains to the package regardless of rohs status.
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers 20 ______________________________________________________________________________________ package information (continued) for the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages . note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates rohs status only. package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing per - tains to the package regardless of rohs status.
max9716/max9717 low-cost, mono, 1.4w btl audio power amplifiers maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circu it patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. the parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the electrical characteristics table are guaranteed. other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidanc e. 21 ____________________maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 2012 maxim integrated products maxim is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products, inc. revision history revision number revision date description pages changed 2 3/09 added lead-free and g45 options to ordering information 1, 13 3 3/12 add automotive qualified part 1

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